Alternative vs Polar questions: the cornering effect
ثبت نشده
چکیده
The problem: The standard Hamblin/Karttunen semantics for Polar Questions (PolQ), (1a), and alternative questions composed of two polar alternatives (AltQ∨N), (1b), induces equivalent partitions: (1a-i) and (1b-i) (the canonical intonation is as indicated ([7, 5])). (1) a. Are you making pasta L * H-H% ? (final raising) [PolQ] i. (1a)(w 0)= λq[q = λw.make(pasta, you, w) ∨q = λw.¬make(pasta, you, w)] b. Are you making pasta L * H-or not H * L-L% ? (final fall) [AltQ∨N] i. (1b)(w 0) = λq[q = (λw.make(pasta, you, w) ∨ λw.¬make(pasta, you, w))] The denotations in (1a-i) and (1b-i) do not explain the differences pointed out by [2]: in requests, (2a), rethorical questions,(2b), invitations, (2c), and conversation starters, (2d) it is only appropriate to use a PolQ (in those cases, using AltQ∨Ns, as in (2), is inappropriate). (2) a. Will you marry me or not?(odd) b. Are you crazy or not? (odd) c.Do you want a beer or not? (odd) d.Do you like to play golf or not?(odd) [8] have recently provided a purely pragmatic account of PolQs vs. AltQ∨Ns according to which PolQs are special because their positive answer has a higher utility value for the questioner. However, there are problematic examples as well as new data that remains unexplained (3): the cornering effect.
منابع مشابه
The Effect of Iranian EFL Learners’ Self-generated vs. Group-generated Text-based Questions on their Reading Comprehension
Reading comprehension is one of the most important skills, especially in the EFL context. One way to improve reading comprehension is through strategy use. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of question-generation strategy on learners' reading comprehension. The participants in the study were 63 intermediate students from three intact groups in Resa institute in Boukan, They we...
متن کاملOn Polar Questions
We first show on a number of examples that positive polar questions, negative polar questions and alternative questions (containing a proposition and its negation) are not interchangeable in context. We will account for the differences pragmatically, using decision theory. We offer a simple classification of three types of use, which covers a number of phenomena hitherto not systematically deal...
متن کاملThe Effect of Two Assessment Methods on Exam Preparation and Study Strategies: Multiple Choice and Essay Questions
Introduction: Utilizing appropriate approaches to study and learning can improve students’ academic performance. Recent studies have shown that students’ learning approaches are influenced by several factors including the type of assessment. The aim of this study is to assess the effect of multiple-choice tests (MCQ) and essay tests on the nursing students’ learning approaches. Methods: This q...
متن کاملFrom Cornering to Virtual Cornering
Cornering consists in the assignment of a physical selling space to a producer by a retailer. Therefore, traditional cornering has the objective of strengthening the value proposition of distribution and industry in the final buyer’s mind enhancing the value for the customer by a combination of the efforts inside the physical space. Traditional cornering is characterised by distinctive specific...
متن کاملTHREE TYPES OF COMMENTS ON CONTENT: TEACHER VS. PEER FEEDBACK
This study was conducted to examine the effect of three types of comments, i.e. imperatives, questions, and statements, with different communicative purposes, i.e. giving information and making a request, given by an ELT teacher and peers on students’ revision of their writings. Sixty-four female students, between 16 and 26 years old studying at high-intermediate level of English language prof...
متن کامل